Water used in processing comes from a variety of sources. Some of these particularly Ground Water and Lakes & Reservoir’s will contain some of the natural water salts, these tend to be termed Water Hardness Salts, the most common being Calcium and Magnesium. However, in a lot of processes there is a need to reduce, or totally remove these water hardness salts. The term used for this process is De-Mineralization, and is basically the filtering out of these minerals. The water salts are termed Dissolved Solids, and as such will require technologies that change the state of the water salts from dissolved to insolvable and thereby removable.
Below are some examples of the types of systems which Condorchem Envitech can work with the client to ensure that the correct cost effective solution is found.
- Ion Exchange ResinsIon exchange resins are synthetic materials, usually spheres of 0.5-1 mm of diameter, designed for industrial wastewater treatment. The actual resin composition can be determined by the application for the final water, and the nature and source of the water to be treated.
In the process of Demineralization, the inlet water which is high in water salts (Ca2) & (Mg2) enters the Ion Exchange resin, typically the resin is a salt base such as Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3). The Ca2 dissolved in the water is trapped inside the ion exchange resin and two protons are released instead. When the column is exhausted, it is regenerated with an acid bath that recharges the resin and releases all Ca2 ions in a low flow effluent. The resultant water now without the dissolved water salts has been Demineralized. An additional advantage of using Ion Exchange Resins, is that additional potentially toxic material is also removed by the resin. Where ground-water might be the source of the intake water, if the source is from intensely farmed land, or near old mine workings then toxins such as Nitrate, Lead and Mercury might be present, all be it in very low levels, the Ion Exchange Resins will also remove such material.
- Continuous Electro-De Ionization (CEDI)Demineralized water can be continuously produced by this process. It is a combination of previously two water purification techniques. Ion Exchange, which we have previously mentioned and Electro-Dialysis Depending on the source and composition of the intake water the combination can be set up for the client either way around. Typically, the Ion Exchange unit is first to take out the majority of the dissolved water salts, alternated anion and cation semipermeable membranes and a continuous electric current between two electrodes, ensure that a higher efficiency of demineralisation is achieved.
The other main advantages over just using Ion Exchange on its own are that there is a greater through-put of water and lower requirement to regenerate reagents. - Filtration SystemsCondorchem Envitech are able to provide the client with a wide range of filtration systems. The main criteria is the requirement for the final de-mineralised water. Normally these are additional bolt-on units, sometimes installed as part of a total package, but also offered as a retro-fit to the client as the client’s site develops and processes change.
The type of membrane depends on the particle or ion size that must be removed. The membrane range goes from micro-filtration, ultra-filtration and nano-filtration, and finally reverse osmosis. - Physical- Chemical PurificatorsThese systems usually are found in industries such as automotive and aeronautics, where the Demineralised water is normally of a high quality, for sectors such as paint-shops and assembly lines. Normally they are installed as a secondary system to compliment the Demineralised plant, particularly where clients are looking for close-loop systems with minimal or zero water discharges
The above solutions are just some of the technologies employed by Condorchem Envitech initially a representative from our company will visit site and then work with the client to assess the quality of the waste-water and then the final requirement for the treated wash-water.
Examples of case-studies from some of our clients are also available via our representatives alongside client testimonial’s.
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